Exploring Our World: Things Around Us (Kelas 4 SD)

Hello, young explorers! Welcome back to our exciting English journey. Today, we’re going on an adventure to discover the amazing Things Around Us. Look around you right now. What do you see? A table? A chair? A window? A book? All these things have names, and in English, we call them objects. Our world is filled with so many interesting objects, and learning their names in English will make exploring and talking about them so much fun!

This chapter, "Things Around Us," is all about identifying, naming, and describing the items we encounter every day. We’ll learn new vocabulary, practice asking and answering questions, and even learn how to describe these things using simple English words. So, get ready to expand your English vocabulary and become a true explorer of your surroundings!

1. The Wonderful World of Objects: What’s in My Room?

Let’s start by looking inside your own room. Your room is probably full of fascinating things! Imagine you have a friend from another country who has never seen your room before. How would you tell them about the things you have? That’s where our English vocabulary comes in!

Here are some common objects you might find in your room:

• Furniture: These are big things that help us use our room.

  • Bed: Where you sleep and dream! (e.g., "I sleep on my bed.")
  • Desk: Where you do your homework or draw. (e.g., "My desk is near the window.")
  • Chair: To sit on at your desk or elsewhere. (e.g., "I sit on a chair to read.")
  • Wardrobe/Closet: To keep your clothes. (e.g., "My clothes are in the wardrobe.")
  • Bookshelf: To store your favorite books. (e.g., "I have many books on my bookshelf.")

• Things for Studying and Playing:

  • Book: Filled with stories and knowledge. (e.g., "This is my favorite book.")
  • Pencil: To write and draw. (e.g., "I use a pencil to write.")
  • Pen: Another tool for writing. (e.g., "Please give me a pen.")
  • Eraser: To correct mistakes. (e.g., "I made a mistake, I need an eraser.")
  • Ruler: To measure things or draw straight lines. (e.g., "Use a ruler to draw a straight line.")
  • Notebook: To write your notes and homework. (e.g., "I write in my notebook.")
  • Toy: For playing and having fun! (e.g., "My toy car is red.")
  • Ball: To play games. (e.g., "Let’s play with the ball.")

• Things for Decoration and Comfort:

  • Lamp: To light up your room. (e.g., "The lamp is on.")
  • Picture/Photo: To remember special moments. (e.g., "This is a picture of my family.")
  • Carpet/Rug: To make the floor soft. (e.g., "The carpet is colorful.")
  • Curtains: To cover the window. (e.g., "The curtains are blue.")

Activity Time!

Let’s play a game! Look around your room and point to one object. Now, say its name in English. Can you find five different objects and say their names? Great job!

2. Beyond Our Rooms: Things in Our House

Our house is a bigger world filled with many more interesting things! Let’s explore some common areas and the objects found there.

• In the Kitchen:

  • Table: Where we eat meals together. (e.g., "We eat dinner at the table.")
  • Chair: To sit at the kitchen table. (e.g., "There are four chairs around the table.")
  • Refrigerator/Fridge: To keep food cold. (e.g., "Milk is in the refrigerator.")
  • Stove/Cooker: Where food is cooked. (e.g., "Mom is cooking on the stove.")
  • Sink: For washing dishes and hands. (e.g., "Wash your hands in the sink.")
  • Cup: To drink from. (e.g., "I want a cup of water.")
  • Plate: To put food on. (e.g., "Put your food on the plate.")
  • Spoon, Fork, Knife: Utensils for eating. (e.g., "Use a spoon to eat soup.")

• In the Living Room:

  • Sofa/Couch: A comfortable place to sit and relax. (e.g., "We watch TV on the sofa.")
  • Television (TV): For watching shows and movies. (e.g., "The TV is big.")
  • Window: To see outside. (e.g., "Look out the window!")
  • Door: To enter and exit the room. (e.g., "Open the door.")
  • Clock: To tell time. (e.g., "The clock says 7 o’clock.")

• In the Bathroom:

  • Mirror: To see yourself. (e.g., "Look in the mirror.")
  • Toothbrush: To clean your teeth. (e.g., "Brush your teeth with a toothbrush.")
  • Soap: To wash yourself. (e.g., "Use soap to wash your hands.")
  • Towel: To dry yourself. (e.g., "Dry your hands with a towel.")

Let’s Practice Asking Questions!

When we see something new, we often want to know what it is. We can ask:

• "What is this?" (When you are pointing to one thing)
  • Example: You see a new object. You point and ask, "What is this?" Someone might answer, "It’s a lamp."
• "What are these?" (When you are pointing to more than one thing)
  • Example: You see several pencils. You point and ask, "What are these?" Someone might answer, "They are pencils."

Asking for Possession:

Sometimes, we want to know who something belongs to. We can ask:

• "Whose book is this?"
  • Answer: "It’s my book." or "It’s John’s book."

Answering about Possession:

• "This is my ."
• "This is ‘s ."

Activity Time!

Imagine you are showing your house to your friend. Point to different objects and ask, "What is this?" Then, ask, "Whose is this?" and answer it yourself or have a friend answer. For example:

You: (Pointing to a chair) "What is this?"
Friend: "It’s a chair."
You: "Whose chair is this?"
Friend: "It’s my chair."

3. Out and About: Things Outside Our House

Our exploration doesn’t stop at our house! The world outside is full of amazing things too.

• In the Garden/Yard:

  • Tree: Tall plants with leaves. (e.g., "There is a big tree in the garden.")
  • Flower: Beautiful plants with colorful petals. (e.g., "The flowers are red and yellow.")
  • Grass: Green plants that cover the ground. (e.g., "The grass is soft.")
  • Bench: A seat in the garden. (e.g., "We sit on the bench to rest.")

• On the Street/Road:

  • Car: A vehicle for traveling on roads. (e.g., "A red car is passing by.")
  • Bicycle/Bike: A two-wheeled vehicle you ride. (e.g., "I ride my bicycle to school.")
  • Bus: A large vehicle for many passengers. (e.g., "The school bus is yellow.")
  • Traffic Light: Controls the flow of traffic. (e.g., "Stop at the red traffic light.")
  • Streetlight: Lights up the street at night. (e.g., "The streetlights are on.")
  • Shop/Store: Places where we buy things. (e.g., "I bought candy at the shop.")

• At the Park:

  • Swing: A seat suspended by ropes, for playing. (e.g., "Let’s go on the swings.")
  • Slide: A surface for sliding down. (e.g., "The slide is very tall.")
  • See-saw: A long plank balanced in the middle, for playing. (e.g., "Let’s play on the see-saw.")

Describing Things: Using Adjectives

Now that we know the names of many things, let’s learn how to describe them! We use adjectives to describe nouns (the names of things). Adjectives tell us more about the size, color, shape, or other qualities of an object.

Here are some common adjectives:

• Color: red, blue, green, yellow, black, white, brown, pink, orange, purple

  • e.g., "It’s a red car."
  • e.g., "The blue curtains are pretty."

• Size: big, small, large, tiny, tall, short

  • e.g., "It’s a big house."
  • e.g., "I have a small toy."

• Shape: round, square, rectangular

  • e.g., "The plate is round."
  • e.g., "The window is rectangular."

• Other Qualities: new, old, beautiful, comfortable, soft, hard

  • e.g., "This is a new book."
  • e.g., "The sofa is very comfortable."

Activity Time!

Let’s play a game of "I Spy"! One person says, "I spy with my little eye, something that is ." For example:

Player 1: "I spy with my little eye, something that is blue."
Player 2: (Looks around and guesses) "Is it the curtains?"
Player 1: "Yes, it is!"

You can also combine adjectives:

• "It’s a big, red ball."
• "It’s a small, round table."

4. Things in Our Classroom: A Place of Learning

Our classroom is also full of objects that help us learn. Let’s name some of them!

• Board/Whiteboard: Where the teacher writes. (e.g., "The teacher is writing on the board.")
• Desk: For students to sit and write. (e.g., "My desk is in the front row.")
• Chair: To sit on at the desk. (e.g., "The chair is comfortable.")
• Teacher’s Desk: The desk where the teacher works. (e.g., "The teacher’s desk is big.")
• Map: Shows different places in the world. (e.g., "Look at the map of Indonesia.")
• Globe: A round model of the Earth. (e.g., "The globe shows all the countries.")
• Trash Can/Bin: For throwing away rubbish. (e.g., "Put your trash in the trash can.")
• Bag: To carry your books and belongings. (e.g., "My bag is on my shoulder.")
• Sharpener: To sharpen pencils. (e.g., "I need to use the sharpener.")

Asking "How many?"

When we want to know the quantity of something, we ask "How many?".

• "How many chairs are in our classroom?"
• "How many windows are there?"

Answering "How many?":

We use numbers to answer.

• "There are 20 chairs."
• "There are 3 windows."

Activity Time!

In your classroom, count the number of desks, chairs, and windows. Then, practice asking and answering "How many?" about these objects.

5. Putting It All Together: Using Our New Words

Congratulations, young learners! You’ve learned a lot of new English words for things around us. Now, let’s use them in sentences and practice them as much as possible.

Tips for Practice:

1. Label Your Objects: Write the English names on small pieces of paper and stick them to the objects around your house or room.
2. Describe Your Day: At the end of the day, try to describe what you did using the English words you learned. For example: "Today, I sat on my chair at the desk. I read a book. Then, I played with my toy car. I ate food from a plate with a spoon."
3. Play Games: Play "I Spy," charades (acting out objects), or memory games with flashcards of objects.
4. Draw and Label: Draw pictures of objects and label them in English.
5. Talk to Your Family and Friends: Encourage your family and friends to use the English words with you.

Remember, the more you practice, the better you will become! Exploring the world around us with English is a fun and rewarding experience. Keep looking, keep learning, and keep speaking!

This chapter has equipped you with the tools to identify and talk about the many wonderful things that surround us. From the comfort of your bedroom to the bustling streets outside, every object has a name and a story. So, go forth, explore, and use your new English vocabulary to describe the amazing world around you!

Catatan untuk Guru/Orang Tua:

• Artikel ini dirancang untuk dibaca bersama atau dipandu.
• Bagian "Activity Time!" sangat penting untuk keterlibatan siswa. Dorong mereka untuk benar-benar melakukan aktivitas tersebut.
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• Penekanan pada pengucapan yang benar sangat penting.
• Gunakan gambar atau flashcards untuk membantu visualisasi kosakata.
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